Heating, Water, Electricity: Tenant Costs in Austria
Who pays what?
As a rule: consumption-based costs are usually allocated to the consumer. The Mietrechtsgesetz (MRG) governs cost allocation and basic maintenance duties[1]. Landlords must keep the rented property in usable condition; whether tenants or landlords bear specific costs depends on the contract and the individual case.
- Heating costs (consumption): typically billed by consumption and borne by the tenant in practice.
- Hot water: can be billed separately and is often consumption-based.
- Electricity: usually paid directly by the tenant to the supplier.
- Maintenance and minor repairs: often contractually assigned to tenants; major repairs are usually the landlord's responsibility.
Maintenance and repairs
The MRG distinguishes between routine upkeep and significant maintenance work. Small repairs or wear-and-tear costs may be assigned to tenants by contract; substantial repairs that affect usability are generally the landlord's responsibility[1]. Report defects immediately in writing with photos.
If the landlord does not act
If the landlord fails to respond, send a written deadline to fix the problem and collect evidence. If there is no reaction, filing with the district court or using dispute resolution may be necessary; court actions in tenancy matters usually take place at the district court[2]. In case of acute dangers (e.g. heating failure in winter), contact the responsible authorities immediately and document the condition.
- Send a written defect notice to the landlord with a deadline.
- Collect photos, invoices and witness statements.
- Contact tenant associations or legal advice if needed.
- If necessary, consider court action at the district court.
Key takeaways
- Consumption-based costs are usually paid by the consumer.
- Major repairs are generally the landlord's responsibility.
- Set deadlines in writing before escalating the case.
FAQ
- Who pays heating costs when there is central heating?
- With central heating, costs are usually distributed by consumption or by agreed keys; check your rental contract and the billing statements.
- Can the landlord pass repairs on to tenants?
- Only small, contractually agreed repairs may be charged to tenants; essential maintenance is the landlord's duty under the MRG[1].
- Where do I turn if the landlord does not respond?
- Contact a local tenant protection organization or the district courts for possible legal steps[2].
How-To
- Send a written defect report to the landlord and set a deadline.
- Collect evidence such as photos and receipts.
- Seek advice from tenant associations or legal counsel.
- If necessary, file a claim at the competent district court.
